The castle was intended as a home for the King, until he died in 1886. Webcam in Schwangau Neuschwanstein - Mit den Feratel Livecams liefern wir Ihnen jederzeit aktuelle Livebilder aus Schwangau Neuschwanstein. Statistics from the years 1879/1880 support an immense amount of building materials: 465 tonnes (513 short tons) of Salzburg marble, 1,550 t (1,710 short tons) of sandstone, 400,000 bricks and 2,050 cubic metres (2,680 cu yd) of wood for the scaffolding. Schloss Neuschwanstein tickets are known to sell out fast, and same-day tickets may not be available. The resulting dispute with the House of Wittelsbach led to a split in 1923: King Ludwig's palaces including Neuschwanstein fell to the state and are now managed by the Bavarian Palace Department, a division of the Bavarian finance ministry. The external structures of the Gatehouse and the Palas were mostly finished but the Rectangular Tower was still scaffolded. The hot air was used for a calorifère central heating system. Here you will find information on photography permits / film permits. It was open to the public shortly after his death. The heirs of construction casualties (30 cases are mentioned in the statistics) received a small pension. It consists of eight rooms with living space and several smaller rooms. [64], Modern panorama from Neuschwanstein (1,008 m or 3,307 ft. Neuschwanstein Castle as seen from Marienbrücke (Marie's Bridge, or Pöllatbrücke). A massive keep, which would have formed the highest point and central focus of the ensemble, was planned for the middle of the upper courtyard but was never built, at the decision of the King's family. See all 63 Schloss Neuschwanstein tickets and tours on Tripadvisor Die Arbeiten dauern voraussichtlich bis 2023. It was designed as the romantic ideal of a knight's castle. In February 1868, Ludwig's grandfather King Ludwig I died, freeing the considerable sums that were previously spent on the abdicated King's appanage. [43] The visitor numbers continued to rise, reaching 200,000 in 1939. The servants were not allowed to use the main stairs, but were restricted to the much narrower and steeper servants' stairs. [52] Further novelties for the era were running warm water and toilets with automatic flushing. The regulation currently applies until 14 February 2021. [7] When the young king came to power in 1864, the construction of a new palace in place of the two ruined castles became the first in his series of palace building projects. Taking pictures of the outside of the buildings for private use does not require a permit. Our selection of Tuscany villas and farmhouses are the finest vacation homes in Tuscany for rent. The servants' rooms in the basement of the Palas are quite scantily equipped with massive oak furniture. Ticketverkaufszeiten für Schloss Hohenschwangau Winterzeit: 16.10.2020 bis 30.12.2020/ 02.01.2021 bis 26.03.2021 Montag bis Sonntag 08:30 bis 15:00 Uhr Führungen 09:00 bis 16:00 Uhr Sommerzeit: 27.03.2021 bis 15.10.2021 Montag bis Sonntag 08:00 bis 16:00 Uhr Führungen 09:00 bis 17:00 Uhr Schließungstage Schloss Neuschwanstein: 24. [17] Ludwig's control went so far that the palace has been regarded as his own creation, rather than that of the architects involved. Ways to Beat the Crowds in Munich. The western end of the courtyard is delimited by the Palas (hall). Palace-building projects similar to Neuschwanstein had been undertaken earlier in several of the German states and included Hohenschwangau Castle, Lichtenstein Castle, Hohenzollern Castle, and numerous buildings on the River Rhine such as Stolzenfels Castle. The interior decoration with mural paintings, tapestry, furniture and other handicraft generally refers to the King's favourite themes: the grail legend, the works of Wolfram von Eschenbach, and their interpretation by Richard Wagner. The king's influence is apparent throughout, and he took a keen personal interest in the design and decoration. The King paid for his construction projects by private means and from his civil list income. We offer rentals from a cozy one bedroom villa in Florence, Italy, overlooking the Ponte Vecchio, to 10 bedroom luxury villas in Tuscany and everything in between. [31] In the end, Ludwig II lived in the palace for a total of only 172 days. The first performance in this hall took place in 1933: A concert commemorating the 50th anniversary of Richard Wagner's death.[34]. The eastern narrow side is terminated by a stage that is structured by arcades and known as the Sängerlaube. Mit unserem Immobilienmarktplatz immo.inFranken.de, das Immobilienportal von inFranken.de, dem reichweitenstärkstem Nachrichten- und Informationsportal in der fränkischen Region, steht Ihnen für Ihre Suche nach einer Immobilie in Franken ein starker Partner zur Seite. Before the backdrop of the Tegelberg and the Pöllat Gorge in the south and the Alpine foothills with their lakes in the north, the ensemble of individual buildings provides varying picturesque views of the palace from all directions. Due to the current regulation on the protection against COVID-19, all sights of the Bavarian Palace Department are closed at the moment. [19][20] For financial reasons, a project similar to Neuschwanstein – Falkenstein Castle – never left the planning stages. [8] Ludwig called the new palace New Hohenschwangau Castle; only after his death was it renamed Neuschwanstein. [10] The inspiration for the construction of Neuschwanstein came from two journeys in 1867—one in May to the reconstructed Wartburg near Eisenach,[11] another in July to the Château de Pierrefonds, which Eugène Viollet-le-Duc was transforming from a ruined castle into a historistic palace. Dezember, 25. The largest room of the palace by area is the Hall of the Singers, followed by the Throne Hall. In the 19th century, many castles were constructed or reconstructed, often with significant changes to make them more picturesque. In spite of the gaudy décor, the living space with its moderate room size and its sofas and suites makes a relatively modern impression on today's visitors. The Throne Hall, 20 by 12 metres (66 by 39 ft),[55] is situated in the west wing of the Palas. Hohenschwangau, where King Ludwig spent much of his youth, had decorations of these sagas. All three projects together drained his resources. The court-side gable is crowned with a copper lion, the western (outward) gable with the likeness of a knight. When Bavaria became a republic in 1918, the government socialised the civil list. Preserving all the features of Neuschwanstein Castle intact is an ongoing task. The building's shape follows the course of the ridge. Opaque glass windows separated the rooms from the corridor that connects the exterior stairs with the main stairs, so that the King could enter and leave unseen. In 1884, the King was able to move into the (still unfinished) Palas,[30] and in 1885, he invited his mother Marie to Neuschwanstein on the occasion of her 60th birthday. At its western end, the courtyard is delimited by a bricked embankment, whose polygonally protracting bulge marks the choir of the originally projected chapel; this three-nave church, never built, was intended to form the base of a 90-metre (295-ft) keep, the planned centrepiece of the architectural ensemble. A Bride Chamber in the Bower (after a location in Lohengrin),[23] guest rooms in the first and second floor of the Palas and a great banquet hall were further abandoned projects. Preise vergleichen und Ticket kaufen. Photo and film shootings are basically subject to approval and charges. Bei der Schloss- und Gartenverwaltung Herrenchiemsee sind folgende Stellen zu besetzen: Schlossführer/innen ... Sie erhalten das Ticket an den Kassen der Schlösser Neuschwanstein, Linderhof und Herrenchiemsee sowie in unserem Online-Shop. English Garden (Englischer Garten) Romantic Road. Auch das Wandern und Fahrradfahren kommt in Bayern nicht zu kurz. We have reviews of the best places to see in Bavaria. Imagineers (1998). A flight of steps at the side gives access to the upper level. [2] More than 1.3 million people visit annually, with as many as 6,000 per day in the summer.[3]. In the park of Linderhof Palace the King had installed a similar grotto of greater dimensions. The recently founded Dampfkessel-Revisionsverein (Steam Boiler Inspection Association) regularly inspected both boilers. Wie clever sie tatsächlich sind, haben nun Kognitionswissenschaftler der Universität Osnabrück und der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft genauer erforscht. In 1870, a society was founded for insuring the workers, for a low monthly fee, augmented by the King. [8] Linderhof, the smallest of the projects, was finished in 1886, and the other two remain incomplete. [45]), In April 1945, the SS considered blowing up the palace to prevent the building itself and the artwork it contained from falling to the enemy. Schloss Hohenschwangau. Das märchenhafte Schloss Neuschwanstein ist mit 1,4 Millionen Besuchern pro Jahr eine der drei meist besuchten Sehenswürdigkeiten von Deutschland. The floor mosaic was completed after the king's death. Tiergarten Nürnberg. In April, he followed Bismarck's advice to apply for the money to his parliament. The way to the castle and the guided tours are not affected. [30] In the same year, Ludwig had the first, wooden Marienbrücke over the Pöllat Gorge replaced by a steel construction. Work on the Bower had not started, but was completed in a simplified form by 1892 without the planned figures of the female saints. For about two decades the construction site was the principal employer in the region. [33] In fact, a complete development of Neuschwanstein had never even been planned, and at the time of the King's death there was not a utilisation concept for numerous rooms.[29]. Apart from the large ceremonial rooms several smaller rooms were created for use by King Ludwig II. The passage through the Gatehouse, crowned with the royal Bavarian coat of arms, leads directly into the courtyard. [46] Thereafter the Bavarian archives used some of the rooms as a provisional store for salvaged archivalia, as the premises in Munich had been bombed. [22] Characteristic of Neuschwanstein's design are theatre themes: Christian Jank drew on coulisse drafts from his time as a scenic painter. Lesezeit: 7 Minuten Das Jahr neigt sich dem Ende zu und es ist mal wieder Zeit die bestehende Bucket List zu aktualisieren. [43], Due to its secluded location, the palace survived the destruction of two World Wars. The palace was commissioned by King Ludwig II of Bavaria as a retreat and in honour of Richard Wagner. [16] The king insisted on a detailed plan and on personal approval of each and every draft. Neuschwanstein was still incomplete when Ludwig II died in 1886. Das aktuelle Wetter. The western Palas front supports a two-storey balcony with view on the Alpsee, while northwards a low chair tower and the conservatory protract from the main structure. With its height of 13 metres (43 ft)[55] it occupies the third and fourth floors. Schloss Neuschwanstein kann ausschließlich im Rahmen einer Führung besichtigt werden. Even after his debts had reached 14 million marks, King Ludwig II insisted on continuation of his architectural projects; he threatened suicide if his creditors seized his palaces. The work is expected to last until 2023. [8][nb 4] This allowed Ludwig II to start the architectural project of building a private refuge in the familiar landscape far from the capital Munich, so that he could live out his idea of the Middle Ages. The upper floor of the Gatehouse is surmounted by a crow-stepped gable and held King Ludwig II's first lodging at Neuschwanstein, from which he occasionally observed the building work before the hall was completed. The furniture – sofa, table, armchairs and seats in a northward alcove – is comfortable and homelike. The palace was erected as a conventional brick construction and later encased in various types of rock. Informationen, ob die Brücke und der Weg dorthin geöffnet sind, finden Sie auf der Website des Ticket Centers Hohenschwangau: www.hohenschwangau.de Besides one table and one cabinet there are two beds of 1.80 metres (5 ft 11 in) length each. [37] In early 1886, Ludwig asked his cabinet for a credit of 6 million marks, which was denied. The ruins above the family palace were known to the crown prince from his excursions. Three fragments were found: Neuschwanstein I (1.75 kg (3.9 lb), found July 2002) and Neuschwanstein II (1.63 kg (3.6 lb), found May 2003) on the German side, and Neuschwanstein III (2.84 kg (6.3 lb), found June 2003) on the Austrian side near Reutte. Schloss Neuschwanstein. The chandelier is fashioned after a Byzantine crown. Ticket Center: FAQ/Besucherinfos. The eastward-pointing gate building is the only structure of the palace whose wall area is fashioned in high-contrast colours; the exterior walls are cased with red bricks, the court fronts with yellow limestone. Opposite the study follows the dining room, adorned with themes of courtly love. It served as the inspiration for Disneyland's Sleeping Beauty Castle, Cameran Palace in the animated Pokémon film Lucario and The Mystery of Mew (2005), and later similar structures. Nearby Hohenschwangau Castle fell to the Wittelsbacher Ausgleichsfonds, whose revenues go to the House of Wittelsbach. Please leave these items in your car or bus. The white limestone used for the fronts came from a nearby quarry.[27]. Only the foundations existed for the core piece of the palace complex: a keep of 90 metres (300 ft) height planned in the upper courtyard, resting on a three-nave chapel. [28] In 1880, about 200 craftsmen were occupied at the site,[29] not counting suppliers and other persons indirectly involved in the construction. The upper floors of the west-facing posterior structure are filled almost completely by the Throne Hall. [36] A second commission headed by Bernhard von Gudden arrived on the next day, and the King was forced to leave the palace that night. The Throne Hall makes a sacral impression. [63], Since 2015, Neuschwanstein and Ludwig's Linderhof and Herrenchiemsee palaces are on the German tentative list for a future designation as UNESCO World Heritage Sites. At the end of 1882 it was completed and fully furnished, allowing Ludwig to take provisional lodgings there and observe the ongoing construction work. The courtyard has two levels, the lower one being defined to the east by the Gatehouse and to the north by the foundations of the so-called Rectangular Tower and by the gallery building. Following the king's wish, it amalgamated the Grail Hall from Parzival with a symbol of the divine right of kings,[19] an incorporation of unrestricted sovereign power, which King Ludwig as the head of a constitutional monarchy no longer held. Tickets online reservieren. Today, the foundation plan of the chapel-keep is marked out in the upper-courtyard pavement. There are also special guided tours that focus on specific topics. Neuschwanstein houses numerous significant interior rooms of German historicism. The palace was fitted with several of the latest technical innovations of the late 19th century. [33] Typical attributes of a castle were included, but real fortifications – the most important feature of a medieval aristocratic estate – were dispensed with. Neuschwanstein Castle Day Trip with Hohenschwangau Castle from Munich (From $62.06) Neuschwanstein Castle BUS Tour from Munich OPT Hohenschwangau / Alpine Bike Ride (From $67.12) EXCLUSiVE Neuschwanstein DURiNG LOCKDOWN from Munich & virtual Tour of Interior (From $492.27) From Munich: Castle Neuschwanstein by train with small group (From $125.33) Bayern Park. Das von König Ludwig II. Walt Disney Imagineering: A Behind the Dreams Look At Making the Magic Real. Bavaria is what many non-Germans probably have in mind when they think about Germany. [40] Plans for a castle garden with terraces and a fountain west of the Palas were also abandoned after the King's death. Its longer side is terminated by a gallery that is crowned by a tribune, modelled after the Wartburg. [nb 6], The construction costs of Neuschwanstein in the King's lifetime amounted to 6.2 million marks (equivalent to 43 million 2017 €),[35] almost twice the initial cost estimate of 3.2 million marks. Despite its size, Neuschwanstein did not have space for the royal court, but contained only the King's private lodging and servants' rooms. With their polymorphic roofs, both towers are reminiscent of the Château de Pierrefonds. Contrary to frequent claims, the Bavarian treasury was not directly burdened by his buildings. Neuschwanstein welcomes almost 1.5 million visitors per year making it one of the most popular tourist destinations in Europe. Therefore, restoration work and restoration investigations are currently taking place. In its angles there are two stair towers, the northern one surmounting the palace roof by several storeys with its height of 65 metres (213 ft). In 1868, the ruins of the medieval twin castles were completely demolished; the remains of the old keep were blown up. Instead, the dining room was connected with the kitchen by means of a service lift. 1 of 25 Applications 35 Minuten. The total floor space of all floors amounts to nearly 6,000 square metres (65,000 sq ft).[50]. Yleistä. It is my intention to rebuild the old castle ruin of Hohenschwangau near the Pöllat Gorge in the authentic style of the old German knights' castles, and I must confess to you that I am looking forward very much to living there one day [...]; you know the revered guest I would like to accommodate there; the location is one of the most beautiful to be found, holy and unapproachable, a worthy temple for the divine friend who has brought salvation and true blessing to the world. The King's staterooms are situated in the upper stories: The anterior structure accommodates the lodgings in the third floor, above them the Hall of the Singers. Dezember, 25. Find what to do today, this weekend or in February. Had it been completed, the palace would have had more than 200 interior rooms, including premises for guests and servants, as well as for service and logistics. Prepare your tour and Neuschwanstein visit with these tips for tickets. The work is expected to last until 2023. Christkindlsmarkt Nürnberg zur Weihnachtszeit. Schloss Johannisburg, bis 1803 die zweite Residenz der Mainzer Kurerzbischöfe, liegt im Zentrum Aschaffenburgs am Ufer des Mains. Ludwig paid for the palace out of his personal fortune and by means of extensive borrowing, rather than Bavarian public funds. Neuschwanstein is a global symbol of the era of Romanticism. Depicting the Hörselberg grotto, it relates to Wagner's Tannhäuser, as does the décor of the adjacent study. Januar . Preserving all the features of Neuschwanstein Castle intact is an ongoing task. Travelers visiting Neuschwanstein Castle will need to travel to the village of Hohenschwangau, where the ticket center is located. [24] In 1874, management of the civil works passed from Eduard Riedel to Georg von Dollmann. [nb 1] In 1832, Ludwig's father King Maximilian II of Bavaria bought its ruins to replace them with the comfortable neo-Gothic palace known as Hohenschwangau Castle. It was one of the King's favourite projects for his palace. Der Zugang zum Schloss und der Führungsbetrieb sind dadurch nicht beeinträchtigt. [47], The effect of the Neuschwanstein ensemble is highly stylistic, both externally and internally. [citation needed] Rather, like the Throne Hall it served as a walkable monument in which the culture of knights and courtly love of the Middle Ages was represented. All Recommendations. The Throne Hall was a later addition to the plans and required a steel framework. The shapes of Romanesque (simple geometric figures such as cuboids and semicircular arches), Gothic (upward-pointing lines, slim towers, delicate embellishments) and Byzantine architecture and art (the Throne Hall décor) were mingled in an eclectic fashion and supplemented with 19th-century technical achievements. [61], A meteorite that reached Earth spectacularly on 6 April 2002, at the Austrian border near Hohenschwangau was named Neuschwanstein after the palace. He slept only 11 nights in the castle. The 27-by-10-metre (89 by 33 ft)[53] Hall of the Singers is located in the eastern, court-side wing of the Palas, in the fourth floor above the King's lodgings. Neuschwanstein Castle (German: Schloss Neuschwanstein, pronounced [ˈʃlɔs nɔʏˈʃvaːnʃtaɪn], Southern Bavarian: Schloss Neischwanstoa) is a 19th-century romantic eclecticism palace on a rugged hill above the village of Hohenschwangau near Füssen in southwest Bavaria, Germany. At the time of King Ludwig's death the palace was far from complete. Following Romanesque style, most window openings are fashioned as bi- and triforia. Reise von Berlin (Deutschland) nach Peking (China) mit dem Zug (7358km): Fahrplan und Information zur Zugverbindung. The court buildings served decorative, rather than residential purposes:[9] The palace was intended to serve King Ludwig II as a kind of inhabitable theatrical setting. Ticket sales are processed exclusively via the ticket centre in Hohenschwangau. The King's bedroom is dominated by a huge bed adorned with carvings. On 9 June he was incapacitated, and on 10 June he had the deposition commission arrested in the gatehouse. Märchenschloss bei Füssen: Alle Infos rund um Schloss Neuschwanstein. Jetzt auf den Livestream unserer Cams schauen! [44] The castle was used to catalogue the works of arts. [32], The King's wishes and demands expanded during the construction of Neuschwanstein, and so did the expenses. The most striking structure of the upper court level is the so-called Rectangular Tower (45 metres or 148 feet). Completion was originally projected for 1872, but deferred repeatedly. Marienplatz München. [26] The topping out ceremony for the Palas was in 1880, and in 1884, the King was able to move in to the new building. [58] As of 2008[update], the total number of visitors was more than 60 million. Unsere Wetterkameras zeigen das gegenwärtige Wetter sowie die Bedingungen vor Ort. Many of the interior rooms remain undecorated, with only 14 rooms finished before Ludwig's death. The operatic themes moved gradually from Tannhäuser and Lohengrin to Parsifal.[24]. Initial ideas for the palace drew stylistically on Nuremberg Castle and envisaged a simple building in place of the old Vorderhohenschwangau Castle, but they were rejected and replaced by increasingly extensive drafts, culminating in a bigger palace modelled on the Wartburg. The albums are now stored in the United States National Archives. Throughout, the design pays homage to the German legends of Lohengrin, the Swan Knight. The three-storey building is connected to the Rectangular Tower and the Gatehouse by means of a continuous gallery fashioned with a blind arcade. © Bayerische Schlösserverwaltung, Imprint | Privacy policy | Help | Site map, © Bayerische Schlösserverwaltung, Imprint. [30] As a temple of friendship it was also dedicated to the life and work of Richard Wagner, who died in 1883 before he had set foot in the building. [41] The Moorish Hall desired by the King (and planned below the Throne Hall) was not realised any more than the so-called Knights' Bath, which, modelled after the Knights' Bath in the Wartburg, was intended to render homage to the knights' cult as a medieval baptism bath. Nevertheless all rooms are accessible for visitors. [22][51] Among other things it had a battery-powered bell system for the servants and telephone lines. It was followed by the rococo style Lustschloss of Linderhof Palace and the baroque palace of Herrenchiemsee, a monument to the era of absolutism. Information on whether the bridge and the route to it are open can be found on the website of the Hohenschwangau Ticket Centre: www.hohenschwangau.de. In the nineteenth century only ruins remained of the twin medieval castles, but those of Hinterhohenschwangau served as a lookout place known as Sylphenturm.[6]. Culture Lover’s Guide to Munich. The mural paintings were created by Wilhelm Hauschild. Ich selbst bin erst kürzlich meine Liste durchgegangen und habe erledigte Erlebnisse und Ziele abgehakt und neue Ideen hinzugefügt. This was not realised,[17] and a connection wing between the Gatehouse and the Bower saw the same fate. Schiffahrt Donau Passau. In 2007, it was a finalist in the widely publicised on-line selection of the New Seven Wonders of the World. The administrators of King Ludwig's estate managed to balance the construction debts by 1899. Next to the drawing room is a little artificial grotto that forms the passage to the study. The palace has appeared prominently in several movies such as Helmut Käutner's Ludwig II (1955) and Luchino Visconti's Ludwig (1972), both biopics about the King; the musical Chitty Chitty Bang Bang (1968) and the war drama The Great Escape (1963). Please note that during the winter months the Marienbrücke, the bridge over the Pollät gorge, may have to be closed in bad weather. The union of the sacral and regal is emphasised by the portraits in the apse of six canonised Kings: Saint Louis of France, Saint Stephen of Hungary, Saint Edward the Confessor of England, Saint Wenceslaus of Bohemia, Saint Olaf of Norway and Saint Henry, Holy Roman Emperor. [56] It was in this room that Ludwig was arrested on the night of the 11th to 12th of June 1886. Neuschwanstein is a castle of the paradox, it was built in the 19th century in Bavaria, in a time when castles no longer had strategical and defensive purposes. Nevertheless all rooms are accessible for visitors. [23], The basic style was originally planned to be neo-Gothic but the palace was primarily built in Romanesque style in the end. Initially the visitors were allowed to move freely in the palace, causing the furniture to wear quickly. Die gewaltige Vierflügelanlage, 1605 bis 1614 unter Kurerzbischof Johann Schweikard von Kronberg errichtet, gehört zu den … [46] The plan was not realised by the SS-Gruppenführer who had been assigned the task, however, and at the end of the war the palace was surrendered undamaged to representatives of the Allied forces. The Knights' House was also simplified. Those without tickets may still walk the long driveway from the base to the top of the mountain and visit the grounds and courtyard without a ticket, but will not be admitted to the interior of the castle. Munich Old Town Hall (Altes Rathaus) Recommendations. By 1883 he already owed 7 million marks,[38] and in spring 1884 and August 1885 debt conversions of 7.5 million marks and 6.5 million marks, respectively, became necessary.[36]. If you book with Tripadvisor, you can cancel up to 24 hours before your tour starts for a full refund. The two had a strained relationship, at least in part because Marie disapproved of Wagner. On 13 June, both died under mysterious circumstances in the shallow shore water of Lake Starnberg near Berg Castle. [39] In expectation of the commission, he alerted the gendarmerie and fire brigades of surrounding places for his protection. These themes were taken up in the operas of Richard Wagner. In the peak season from June until August, Neuschwanstein has as many as 6,000 visitors per day, and guests without advance reservation may have to wait several hours. [41] The royal lodging is on the third floor of the palace in the east wing of the Palas. Disney Editions. Ticket-Center-Hohenschwangau. King Ludwig II did not attach importance to representative requirements of former times, in which the life of a monarch was mostly public. Nymphenburg Palace (Schloss Nymphenburg) Neuschwanstein Castle. The castle in Hohenschwangau (Bavaria) was built by order of King Ludwig II and the inspiration for the Disney Cinderella castle. Ostoehdot muodostavat yhdessä tilausvahvistuksella vahvistetun tilauksesi kanssa sopimusalustan ostoksellesi. In the same year, the direction of the project passed to Julius Hofmann, after Dollmann had fallen from the King's favour.