This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon this content non-commercially, as long as they credit the author and license their new creations under the identical terms. Robert's father was the 6th High Steward of Scotland, by then a purely honorary title. She died on 2 March 1316 in Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland, in childbirth. ​King Robert II of Scotland 1316-1390) 1. He was the first king of the House of Stewart.He is known as Robert the Steward and succeeded the popular David II to the throne. Robert II of Scotland ruled as king from 1371 to 1390 CE. His 19-year-old mother Marjorie had been riding in Paisley, Renfrewshire Scotland. 'Blind Harry' in his epic poem 'Wallace' wrote in Book III of Sir Robert :-And Robert Boid quhilk wald no longer hide By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Scottish Kings and Queens - Robert II to Mary Queen of Scots. Topic. Er kam vermutlich per ​King Robert III of Scotland (1337-1406) 2. Family and Early Years. David II was consequently forced into exile in France, but he returned in 1341 CE. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Robert II of Scotland groat 1371 612678.jpg 300 × 151; 63 KB Robert II, King of Scotland from 1371 Wellcome L0010446.jpg 1,350 × 1,540; 742 KB Robert and Euphemia.jpg 330 × 450; 25 KB Scottish Monarch. Robert II (2 March 1316 – 19 April 1390) reigned as King of Scots from 1371 to his death as the first monarch of the House of Stewart. Robert III was thus obliged to largely leave the government in the hands of others, notably his brother Robert, Earl of Fife (aka Duke of Albany, l. 1339-1420 CE). Cite This Work In 1346 CE, King David unwisely attacked northern England and he was infamously captured at the Battle of Neville's Cross. Philip VI of France with David II of Scotland and Queen Joanby Jean Froissart (Public Domain). Robert St… Robert’s marriage (c. 1348) to Elizabeth Mure followed the birth of their four sons and five daughters, whose legitimation by the subsequent marriage did not give any of them an undisputed right of succession to the crown. Guardian of SCOTLAND; 35th King of SCOTS; aka Raibeart II; STUART. One medieval chronicler gives the following description of Robert: "a young man of attractive appearance above the sons of men, broad and tall in physique, kind to everyone, and modest, generous, cheerful and honest" (Oram, 143). David II was finally released in October 1357 CE as part of the Treaty of Berwick, where the Scots agreed to pay a ransom and respect a 10-year truce with England. "Robert II of Scotland." Robert ruled in fact, if not in name, on two occasions before he actually took the throne in his own right. Vor seinem Amtsantritt im Alter von 55 Jahren war er Truchsess (Steward) von Schottland. Robert II reigned as King of Scotland from 1371 to his death in 1390 as the first monarch of the House of Stewart. He had escaped following the defeat of David II at Halidon Hill in 1333 and took over as Guardian of Scotland while David was in exile in France. Robert III, King of Scotland, reigned 1390-1406.. Marjory Stuart, mar Sir Alexander Keith and had issue. For many years heir presumptive to David II and frequently regent of the kingdom, Robert is important primarily for his role in Scottish affairs before he came to the throne.. Robert Steward (or Stewart) was the son of Walter Steward (the third of that name in a line stretching back to Walter "the Steward," ca. Robert II of Scotland groat 1371 612678.jpg 300 × 151; 63 KB Robert II, King of Scotland from 1371 Wellcome L0010446.jpg 1,350 × 1,540; 742 KB Robert and Euphemia.jpg 330 × 450; 25 KB Robert did not lead his armies in person, and as neither the Scottish nor French leaders could agree on a strategy to face England, an uneasy truce was re-established between Scotland and England. Robert II (2 March 1316 - 19 April 1390) was King of Scotland from 1371 through 1390. Robert II (March 2, 1316 April 19, 1390), King of Scots, called "the Steward", a title that gave the name to the House of Stewart (later spelled "Stuart"). On the death of his father in 1326, he became the hereditary steward of Scotland. Die mittelalterliche schottisch-gälische Schreibweise lautete Roibert a Briuis, die normannisch-französische Robert de Brus. Ancient History Encyclopedia Foundation is a non-profit organization. Robert was born prematurely when his mother suffered a fall from her horse, and she did not survive his birth. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Robert-II-king-of-Scotland, Rampant Scotland - Biography of King Robert II, British Monarchy - Biography of Robert II, Undiscovered Scotland - Biography of Robert II, Scottish Monarchs - Biography of Robert II. Born: 1316 Died: 1390. He was also known as Robert, High Steward of Scots and by his Gaelic Name, Roibert II Stiùbhairt. Prince Alexander Stewart, Earl of Buchan (1343-1404) 5. Born Robert Stewart, he succeeded the heirless David II of Scotland (r. 1329-1371 CE) and … Prince Walter Stewart, Lord of Fife 3. Written by Mark Cartwright, published on 08 January 2021 under the following license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. Robert succeeded David in 1371, and was crowned at … Dividing Scottish estates between his many offspring, Robert redrew the political map of his kingdom and effectively replaced half of the nobility with his family and allies, a process often called the 'Stewartisation' of Scotland. Robert II. A 16th century CE manuscript illustration showing Robert II of Scotland (r. 1371-1390 CE) and his second wife Euphemia, Countess of Moray. See more ideas about scotland, king robert, scottish heritage. Robert II. Robert II (March 2, 1316 April 19, 1390), King of Scots, called "the Steward", a title that gave the name to the House of Stewart (later spelled "Stuart"). Robert II of Scotland. Während der Schottischen Unabhängigkeitskriege gegen England war er Anführer der aufständische… Robert II was the first of the royal House of Stewart (Stuart) who were to rule Scotland for 3 centuries. Robert II of Scotland ruled as king from 1371 to 1390 CE. Robert's mother was Marjorie (b. c. 1295 CE), daughter of King Robert the Bruce (r. 1306-1329 CE) and Isabel of Mar. He was the only child of Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland and his first wife Marjorie Bruce, daughter of Robert the Bruce and Isabella of Mar. On the death of David (Feb. 22, 1371), Robert succeeded to the throne, his reign proving largely an anticlimax to his career. The remainder of David's reign saw some prosperity return to Scotland, but the king failed in the one area that all medieval kings could not afford to neglect if peace were to be sustained: to produce an heir. He served as Regent for David II twice, while David was in exile in France and again while imprisoned in England. Cartwright, M. (2021, January 08). The wider picture in Scotland at the time is set out in our Historical Timeline. Her parents shared a common ancestor in Robert II, King of Scots. Robert II of Scotland ruled as king from 1371 to 1390 CE. The Scottish king spent the next 11 years in the Tower of London, and in his absence, Robert rose to effectively rule Scotland as regent and become the king's heir apparent. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). King Robert II of Scotland - The First Stewart King see Genealogical Note. He was the son of Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland and of Marjorie Bruce, daughter of the Scottish king Robert the Bruce by … U.S. President [B, HARRISON] 's 12-Great Grandfather. The Balliols still had powerful and numerous supporters, but so, too, did David II, even while he was languishing in prison. "Robert II of Scotland." He was known primarily as the Earl of Carrick before ascending the throne aged around 53 years. 1. ;II. He ruled from 1371 until his death. Some historians have called this strategy the 'Stewartisation' of the nobility, and its consequences were that the Stewarts controlled half of Scotland's earldoms. Robert II, also called (until 1371) Robert the Steward, or (1357–71) Robert Stewart, Earl of Strathearn, (born March 2, 1316—died April 19, 1390, Dundonald, Ayrshire, Scot. For many years heir presumptive to David II and frequently regent of the kingdom, Robert is important primarily for his role in Scottish affairs before he came to the throne.. Robert Steward (or Stewart) was the son of Walter Steward (the third of that name in a line stretching back to Walter "the Steward," ca. Marjorie died within a few hours. The king, perhaps pressurised by Scotland's old ally France, then launched several attacks on northern England and won a celebrated victory in August 1388 CE at the battle of Otterburn. Indeed, it was not until 1363 CE that he finally gave formal submission to his king. He holds an MA in Political Philosophy and is the Publishing Director at AHE. When David II died on 22 February 1371 CE he left no heir and so Robert Stewart was made king as Robert II of Scotland. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Son of Walter, Steward of Scotland and Marjory Bruce, daughter of Robert the Bruce. During David’s periods of exile and of imprisonment by the English, Robert the Steward was joint regent (1334–35; with John Randolph, 3rd earl of Moray) and sole regent (1338–41, 1346–57). Robert I, King of the Scots (11 July 1274 7 June 1329) usually known in modern English as Robert the Bruce (Medieval Gaelic: Roibert a Briui… Marjorie was riding in Gallowhill, Paisley, Renfrewshire while heavily pregnant. Although a more capable leader in his youth than medieval historians liked to portray him, Robert's reign did witness a decline in the wealth of the Crown and the creation of bitter rivalries amongst the great baronial families which would cause no end of problems for his successor, his son Robert III of Scotland (r. 1390-1406 CE). Robert had also managed to reclaim Edinburgh Castle from its English garrison and put Stirling Castle under a heavy siege. Mary Stewart (c1383-) 4. The victory was made all the sweeter because the English army had been led by the celebrated medieval knight Sir Henry 'Hotspur' Percy (1364-1403 CE). When Robert II King of Scotland was born on 2 March 1316, in Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland, his father, Sir Walter Stewart 6th High Steward of Scotland, was 23 and his mother, Princess Margorie Bruce, was 19. Her horse was suddenly startled and threw her to the ground at a place called "The Knock." Share. In 1314, Robert the Bruce's army defeated Edward II's army at the Battle of Bannockburn. HM George I's 9-Great Grandfather. Updates? Image from here.. Robert II, King of Scotland (see here and here), born 1316, mar 1stly, c.1347, to Elizabeth Mure and had issue: . Robert's coronation was held at Scone Abbey on 26 March 1371 CE. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership. Royalties similar to or like Robert II of Scotland. Royalties similar to or like Robert II of Scotland. Aged just 17, he fought at the Battle of Halidon Hill on 19 July 1333 CE. The name came from his ancestor Walter Stewart who was appointed High Steward of Scotland by David I. For only $5 per month you can become a member and support our mission to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. In 1318 the Scottish parliament decreed that if King Robert died without sons the crown Robert II (2 March 1316 – 19 April 1390) reigned as King of Scots from 1371 to his death as the first monarch of the House of Stewart.He was the son of Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland and of Marjorie Bruce, daughter of the Scottish king Robert the Bruce by his first wife Isabella of Mar. Son of Walter, Steward of Scotland and Marjory Bruce, daughter of Robert the Bruce. Robert the Bruce then fought a lot of battles to make Scotland free instead of always doing what the English king wanted. Robert II `the Steward' STEWART. Last modified January 08, 2021. Robert succeeded David in 1371, and was crowned at … He fought King Edward I, and then his son, King Edward II. Robert was the sole son of Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland (d. 1326) and Marjorie Bruce, daughter of King Robert I of Scotland and his first wife Isabella of Mar. He was the son of Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland and of Marjorie Bruce, daughter of the Scottish king Robert the Bruce by his first wife Isabella of Mar. Er begründete die Königsdynastie der Stewarts. Robert Stewart, son of Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland and Marjorie Bruce, daughter of Robert Bruce and Isabel Mar, was born on 2 March 1315/16 at Paisley, Renfrewshire. Search Rank Over Time. David Stewart, Duke of Rothesay (1378-1402) 3. Ông là con trai của Walter Stewart, High Steward thứ sáu của Scotland và Marjorie Bruce, con gái của Robert the Bruce với người vợ đầu tiên của Bruce là Isabella xứ Mar. Edward had the support of Edward III of England and so was able to briefly grab the Scottish throne twice (1332 and 1333-1336 CE). Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms. (1316-1390), called 'the Steward,' king of Scotland, was a son of Walter, the steward of Scotland (d. 1326), and Marjorie (d. 1316), daughter of King Robert the Bruce, and was born on the 2nd of March 1316. In terms of foreign policy, Robert first set about reclaiming parts of southern Scotland his predecessors had lost to England. His mother was involved in a fatal riding accident, and Robert was born by Caesarian section. The name John was considered inappropriate as the Bruces' great rivals the Balliol's had had a king of that name, and it was also thought an unlucky one for a Scottish monarch. Arms of the House of Stewartby Sodacan (CC BY-SA). Robert was good looking, congenial and liked by all. Her marriage to Walter, High Steward of Scotland gave rise to the House of Stewart. He took no active part in the renewed war with England (from 1378 to 1388). Born Robert Stewart, he succeeded the heirless David II of Scotland (r. 1329-1371 CE) and so founded the royal house of Stewart. His special interests include pottery, architecture, world mythology and discovering the ideas that all civilizations share in common. John, though, was made the official heir apparent in 1371 CE. Whisky - Whiskey Blended from Scotland. Prince Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany (c1340-1420) 4. Robert the Bruce then fought a lot of battles to make Scotland free instead of always doing what the English king wanted. Elizabeth died sometime before 1355 CE, and Robert married again in May of the same year, this time to Euphemia, Countess of Moray. Robert II. The Corners of the Globe: A James Maxted Thriller, A MacGregor Christmas: A 2-in-1 Collection, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. Robert II - King of Scotland. Robert Stewart remained a dangerous rival, though, and despite being made the earl of Strathearn by his king, he made an unsuccessful attempt at a coup. David II had succeeded his father Robert the Bruce, but as he was a minor, his kingdom was ruled by a guardian. He was the eldest son of Robert II and Elizabeth Mure and was … He died 19 April 1390 in Dundonald Castle in 1390 and lies buried at Scone Abbey. …I (through the female line)—namely, Robert Stewart, who, as, Scotland, now part of the United Kingdom, was ruled for hundreds of years by various monarchs. He died at the age of 74 on April 19th, 1390. Robert seemed unenthusiastic about politics, leaving most matters of government to his eldest son John, Earl of Carrick. ), king of Scots from 1371, first of the Stewart (Stuart) sovereigns in Scotland. Robert II, also remembered as Robert the Steward, was the King of Scots who ruled from 1371 to his death. Partly because of this dispute, Walter, earl of Atholl, one of Robert’s sons by Euphemia, instigated the murder (1437) of James I, king of Scots, grandson of Robert and Elizabeth Mure. Robert Stewart was born on 2 March 1316 CE in Paisley in exceptional circumstances. He fought King Edward I, and then his son, King Edward II. Coronation: 26 Mar 1371 However, in the following year he joined Sir William Wallace in his fight to liberate Scotland from Edward I. Our latest articles delivered to your inbox, once a week: Numerous educational institutions recommend us, including Oxford University and Michigan State University and University of Missouri. Mark is a history writer based in Italy. He was the son of Robert I's daughter Marjorie and her husband Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland. However, Robert Stewart, now calling himself the King's Lieutenant, seemed in no particular hurry to gather the enormous ransom Edward III demanded for David's release. Robert II of Scotland ancient.eu - Mark Cartwright. Since that date it has been enjoyed by the Sovereign’s eldest son. Jul 29, 2019 - Explore Diana Lewis's board "King Robert II of Scotland", followed by 189 people on Pinterest. ​m: 1st, Elizabeth Mur (?-bef1355) 1. Robert would go on to have another 21 children, both legitimate and illegitimate. He fought at Halidon Hill in 1333 at the age of seventeen, and was the first to raise the standard of freedom after that disastrous battle. Robert spent most of his childhood on the west coast of Scotland. The family name itself comes from the office of High Steward of Scotland, which had been held by the family scion Walter fitz Alan (c. 1150). Robert II. Robert II (2 tháng 3, 1316 – 19 tháng 4, 1390) cai trị với vương hiệu Vua của người Scots từ 1371 cho đến khi qua đời, là vị quân vương đầu tiên của Nhà Stewart.